Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: A Rapid Active–Latent–Relapse Murine Model of Tuberculosis Based Blood Transcriptional Signature That Distinguishes Disease Stages

doi: 10.3390/ijms27062554

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of candidate gene expression in the multi-stage TB mouse model. ( A – D ) Relative mRNA expression of sixteen selected genes in peripheral blood samples across infection and treatment stages. Black lines: infection group ( H37Rv only); blue lines: INH-treated group ( H37Rv + INH); red lines: anti-TNF-α antibody-induced relapse group ( H37Rv + INH + anti-TNFα). ( A ) Lynx1 , Kmo , Ets2 , and Bhlhe40 were downregulated in the early active stage, returned to near-baseline levels during latency, and declined again during relapse. ( B ) Gadd45b , Nfkbid , Fosl2 , and Rgs1 were upregulated during the mid-active phase and decreased during latency. ( C ) Nlrp12 , Clec2d , Spns1 , and Wrb showed minimal expression changes throughout infection. ( D ) Trim34a , Il1r2 , Fam111a , and Papd4 decreased during active stages, recovered during latency, and declined again upon relapse. The red dashed lines represent the expression levels of the target genes in the healthy control group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, ns: not significant; n = 5.

Article Snippet: Subsequently, mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of isoniazid (Sigma, cat PHR1932, St. Louis, MO, USA) from the 3rd to 6th week post-infection, while recombinant mouse TNF-α (MCE, cat HY- P99148 , Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) was administered intraperitoneally at 0.5 mg per mouse once weekly from 7th to 10th week post-infection.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Gene Expression, Expressing, Infection, Control